2010年全球風(fēng)電報告年度市場(chǎng)Global Wind Report Annual market update 2010

2007年是風(fēng)電行業(yè)又一個(gè)輝煌的一年，裝機容量增長(cháng)了27%，使全球裝機總量達到93900兆瓦。在這一年中，越來(lái)越成熟和全球化的行業(yè)安裝了近20000兆瓦的清潔、無(wú)排放的風(fēng)能發(fā)電能力，相當于約250億歐元（約370億美元）的投資，到本出版物發(fā)布時(shí)，全球總發(fā)電量無(wú)疑將超過(guò)10萬(wàn)兆瓦大關(guān)。由于石油價(jià)格遠高于每桶100美元，煤炭和天然氣價(jià)格處于歷史高位，獨立于國際大宗商品市場(chǎng)變幻莫測的能源優(yōu)勢從未如此明顯?！百Y源枯竭”永遠不會(huì )成為風(fēng)電的問(wèn)題。我們才剛剛開(kāi)始挖掘它的潛力。這不僅對尋求實(shí)現供應安全的能源規劃者來(lái)說(shuō)是好消息，對尋求解決全球人類(lèi)引發(fā)的氣候變化危機的政治家和外交官來(lái)說(shuō)也是好消息。隨著(zhù)各國政府瘋狂地就2012年后的新協(xié)議進(jìn)行談判，風(fēng)電行業(yè)隨時(shí)準備為解決目前大多數人所承認的對我們文明的最大長(cháng)期威脅作出非常重大的貢獻。風(fēng)能產(chǎn)業(yè)也在另一種繁榮中發(fā)揮著(zhù)重要作用：區域經(jīng)濟（再）發(fā)展。從德克薩斯州的狹長(cháng)地帶到內蒙古，從施萊斯維格-荷爾斯泰因到安達盧西亞，風(fēng)電行業(yè)正在建設新工廠(chǎng)，擴大地方稅收基礎，并以不斷擴大的速度創(chuàng )造數千個(gè)新的“綠領(lǐng)”就業(yè)機會(huì )。在地方、地區、國家以及全球范圍內，風(fēng)電越來(lái)越多地成為我們能源未來(lái)問(wèn)題的答案。2007年將被銘記為全球社會(huì )終于開(kāi)始著(zhù)手處理氣候問(wèn)題的一年。最值得注意的是，IPCC第四次評估報告的發(fā)布，讓人們對氣候變化的性質(zhì)和原因產(chǎn)生了所有合理的懷疑。數千名科學(xué)家、評論家和編輯自愿抽出時(shí)間組成了這個(gè)小組，他們是諾貝爾和平獎的當之無(wú)愧的獲得者，他們與美國前總統戈爾分享了他的電影《不方便的真相》。IPCC報告中一個(gè)明確的“帶回家”信息是，無(wú)論長(cháng)期目標如何，如果我們有機會(huì )避免氣候變化帶來(lái)的最嚴重破壞，那么我們必須做的一件事就是停止增加溫室氣體排放：它們必須在下一個(gè)十年結束前達到峰值，并開(kāi)始在全球范圍內下降。雖然在氣候變化問(wèn)題上，電力部門(mén)遠不是唯一的罪魁禍首，但它是最大的單一排放源，約占二氧化碳排放量的38%，約占總排放量的25%。從現在到2020年，我們在電力領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行重大減排的選擇基本上有三個(gè)：能源效率和節能；燃料由煤轉為氣；可再生能源，主要是風(fēng)電。隨著(zhù)政策制定者越來(lái)越意識到這一現實(shí)，他們越來(lái)越意識到風(fēng)電的技術(shù)成熟度、廣泛可用性、部署速度，以及一個(gè)蓬勃發(fā)展的行業(yè)正變得越來(lái)越全球化的事實(shí)。風(fēng)電行業(yè)已經(jīng)做好準備，愿意并且能夠履行這些日益增長(cháng)的期望和責任。這是全球風(fēng)能理事會(huì )（global wind Energy Council）發(fā)布的第三份關(guān)于全球風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)現狀的年度報告，它全面反映了目前全球70多個(gè)國家的風(fēng)電產(chǎn)業(yè)。本報告的數據和國家概況是通過(guò)世界各地的GWEC成員協(xié)會(huì )以及其他政府和行業(yè)聯(lián)系人收集的。安理會(huì )感謝各撰稿人，并期待著(zhù)今后各版本的合作同樣富有成果。

2007 was yet another banner year for the wind industry, with  a 27% increase in installed capacity, bringing the global total  to 93,900 MW. The increasingly mature and global industry  installed close to 20,000 MW of clean, emissions free wind  energy capacity in the course of the year, representing about  € 25 billion (about $US 37 billion) of investment, and by the  time this publication is released, the total global capacity will  no doubt have passed the 100,000 MW mark. With the price of oil well over $US 100 per barrel, and  the price of coal and gas at historically high levels, the  advantages of an energy source independent from the  vagaries of the international commodities markets has never  been clearer. ‘Resource depletion’ will never be a problem for  wind power. We have only just begun to scratch the surface  of its potential. This is good news not only for energy planners seeking  to achieve security of supply, but also for politicians and  diplomats searching for solutions to the global crisis of  human-induced climate change. As governments frantically  negotiate a new agreement for the period after 2012, the  wind industry stands ready to make a very substantial  contribution to solving what most now acknowledge is the  greatest long term threat to our civilization. The wind energy industry is also playing a major role in  another kind of boom: regional economic (re)development. From the Texas Panhandle to Inner Mongolia, and from  Schleswig-Holstein to Andaluca, the wind industry is  building new factories, expanding local tax bases and creating  thousand of new ‘green collar’ jobs at an ever-expanding rate. At the local, regional, and national level as well as globally,  wind power is more and more often the answer to questions  about our energy future. 2007 will be remembered as the year when the global  community finally started to get to grips with the climate  issue. Most notably, the release of the IPCC’s 4th Assessment  Report put all reasonable doubts to rest about the nature  and causes of climate change. The thousands of scientists,  reviewers and editors who volunteer their time to make up  the Panel were the much deserved recipients of the Nobel Peace Prize, shared with former US vide-President Al Gore for  his film ‘An Inconvenient Truth’. One clear ‘take home’ message from the IPCC report is that  regardless of long term targets, if we are going to have any  chance of avoiding the worst ravages of climate change, then  the one thing we must do is to stop increasing greenhouse  gas emissions: they must peak and begin to decline globally  before the end of the next decade. While the power sector is far from being the only culprit  when it comes to climate change, it is the largest single  source of emissions, accounting for about 38% of CO2 emissions, and about 25% of overall emissions. Our options  for making major emissions reductions in the power sector  between now and 2020 are basically three: energy efficiency  and conservation; fuel switching from coal to gas; and  renewable energy, primarily wind power. As policy makers become more aware of this reality, they  appreciate more and more wind power’s technological  maturity, widespread availability, speed of deployment, and  the fact that there is a robust, growing industry becoming  more and more global with every passing year. The wind  industry is ready, willing and able to fulfill these growing  expectations and responsibilities. This is the third annual report on the status of the global  wind industry by the Global Wind Energy Council, and it  provides a comprehensive snapshot of this global industry,  which is now present in more than 70 countries. The data  and country profiles for this report have been collected  through GWEC’s member associations around the world and  additional government and industry contacts. The Council  wishes to thank the contributors and is looking forward to an  equally fruitful cooperation for future editions.